| Влияние базовых жизненных ориентаций на качество жизни китайских студентов | |
| Цинь Пэнфэй 1 | |
| 1.1Российский государственный педагогический университет им. А. И. Герцена | |
| Дата поступления 2024.05.03 | Аннотация. Качество жизни представляет собой сложный феномен, охватывающий физическое здоровье человека, его психическое состояние, социальные отношения, личные убеждения в их соотнесенности с восприятием окружающей среды и поведением. В многоуровневом феномене качества жизни существенную роль играет направленность личности. В последнее время к этому вопросу обращаются всё чаще в связи с исследованием тех или иных социальных групп. Целью настоящего исследования стало изучение соотношения базовых (субъект-объектных) ориентаций и качества жизни китайских студентов с учетом пола и курса обучения в вузе. Респондентами стали 600 студентов китайских университетов, 149 юношей (24,8 %) и 451 девушка (75,2 %) в возрасте от 17 до 25 лет (19,64 ± 3,29), из них 300 первокурсников и 300 четверокурсников. Использовались адаптированные ранее автором на китайской выборке Опросник жизненных ориентаций Е. Ю. Коржовой и Краткая шкала качества жизни Бруннсвикена (BBQ). Проведен сравнительный анализ (t-критерий Стьюдента), корреляционный анализ (r-критерий Пирсона), а также линейный регрессионный анализ. Выявлен ряд различий между юношами и девушками, а также первокурсниками и старшекурсниками по отдельным характеристикам базовых жизненных ориентаций. При этом уровень качества жизни выше у девушек, по сравнению с юношами, и у первокурсников, по сравнению со старшекурсниками. Была выявлена тесная положительная связь базовых жизненных ориентаций (всех трех их измерений: смелость бросить вызов трудностям, стремление к внутренней гармонии, ясность жизненных целей) и качества жизни китайских студентов, а также позитивное влияние базовых жизненных ориентаций на качество их жизни. |
| Ключевые слова базовые жизненные ориентации; смелость бросить вызов трудностям; стремление к внутренней гармонии; ясность жизненных целей; качество жизни; китайские студенты | |
Библиография 1. Diener E. Subjective well-being // Psychological bulletin. − 1984. − Vol. 9, № 3. – P. 542–575. – DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542. 2. Liu Z. J., Chen H. C. Preliminary Revision of the Life Orientation Scale in Middle School Students // Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology. – 2007. – Vol. 15, № 6. – P. 135–137. – DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-3611. 2007.02.008. 3. Scheier M. F., Carver C. S., Bridges, M. W. Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. – 1994. – Vol. 67, № 6. – P. 1063–1078. – DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063. 4. Chen M., Sun Y. M., Wang L. Correlation between life orientation and anxiety in patients hospitalized for coronary heart disease // Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing. – 2008. – Vol. 14, № 14. – P. 1572–1574. 5. Zhang T. G., Qu, W. Y., Zhang Y. H., Lin L. C. Survey and reflection on college students' life value orientation // The Real World. – 2004. – № 4. – P. 69–72. 6. Gao Y., Lin Z., Li Z. A survey and analysis of college students' life value orientation and personality traits // Journal of Shanghai University: Social Science Edition. – 1999. – № 6. – P. 90–97. 7. Stewart-Brown S., Evans J., Patterson J. et al. The health of students in institutes of higher education: an important and neglected public health problem? // Journal of Public Health. – 2000. – Vol. 22, № 4. − P. 492–499. – DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/22.4.492. 8. Tomoda A., Mori K., Kimura M. et al. One‐year prevalence and incidence of depression among first‐year university students in Japan: A preliminary study // Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences. – 2000. − Vol. 54, № 5. – P. 583–588. − DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1819.2000.00757.x. 9. Saeed B., Arshad F., Jamal Y., et al. Effect of optimism, pessimism and anxiety on life orientation test-revised scale among university students // Asian Journal of Allied Health Sciences (AJAHS). – 2020. – Vol. 5, № 1. – P. 19–25. – DOI: 10.52229/ajahs.v5i1.639. 10. Sun W., Zhang L. Impact of dispositional optimism and psychological resilience on depression of university students // Occupation and Health. − 2017. – Vol. 33, № 8. – P. 1066–1068+1073. − DOI: 10.13329/j.cnki.zyyjk.2017.0329. 11. Bonomi A. E., Patrick D. L., Bushnell D. M., Martin M. Validation of the United States' version of the world health organization quality of life (WHOQOL) instrument // Journal of Сlinical Epidemiology. – 2000. – Vol. 53, № 1. – P. 1–12. − DOI: 10.1016/S0895-4356(99)00123-7. 12. Katschnig H. Quality of life in mental disorders: challenges for research and clinical practice // World psychiatry. – 2006. − Vol. 5, № 3. – P. 139–145. 13. Солодухин А. В., Беззубова В. А., Кухаре-ва И. Н. и др. Взаимосвязь психологических характеристик внутренней картины болезни и копинг-поведения пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца с параметрами их когнитивного статуса // Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика. – 2017. – Т. 14, № 2. – С. 178–189. – DOI: 10.22363/2313-1683-2017-14-2-178-189. 14. Miličić D., Brajković L., Ljubas Maček J. et al. Type a personality, stress, anxiety and health locus of control in patients with acute myocardial infarction // Psychiatria danubina. – 2016. – Vol. 28, № 4. – P. 409–414. 15. Новикова К. А., Касимова С. Г. Связь позитивного мышления, смысложизненных ориентаций и жизнестойкости у студентов // Концепт. – 2013. – Т. 7, № 23. – С. 71–75. 16. Avvenuti G., Baiardini I., Giardini A. Optimism’s explicative role for chronic diseases // Frontiers in Psychology. – 2016. – № 7. – Art. 295. – DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00295. 17. Степанов И. Л., Моисейчева О. В. Клинико-психопатологические особенности депрессий с различным типом аффекта у больных с хроническими соматическими заболеваниями вне обострения // Социальная и клиническая психиатрия. – 2016. – Т. 26, № 4. – С. 26–31. 18. Prusak J., Kwapis K., Pilecka B., Chemperek A., Krawczyk A., Jabłoński M., Nowakowski K. The quality of life, meaning in life, positive orientation to life and gratitude of Catholic seminarians in Poland: A comparative analysis // Archive for the Psychology of Religion. – 2021. – Vol. 43, № 1. – P. 78–94. – DOI: 10.1177/ 0084672420983488. 19. Alessandri G., Caprara G. V., Tisak J. The unique contribution of positive orientation to optimal functioning: Further explorations // European Psychologist. – 2012. – Vol. 17, № 1. – P. 44–54. – DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000070. 20. Caprara G. V., Fagnani C., Alessandri G. et al. Human optimal functioning: The genetics of positive orientation towards self, life, and the future // Behavior Genetics. – 2009. – Vol. 39, № 3. – P. 277–284. – DOI: 10.1007/s10519-009-9267-y. 21. Коржова Е. Ю. Психологическое познание судьбы человека. – СПб.: Изд-во РГПУ им. А.И. Герцена : Союз, 2002. − 335 с. 22. Lindner P., Frykheden O., Forsström D. et al. The Brunnsviken Brief Quality of life scale (BBQ): Development and psychometric evaluation // Cognitive behaviour therapy. – 2016. − Vol. 45, № 3. – P. 182–195. 23. Коржова Е. Ю., Цинь П., Веселова Е. К., Дворецкая М. Я. Структура базовых жизненных ориентаций: этнокультурный аспект (на примере китайской версии Опросника субъект-объектных ориентаций) // Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Психология. – 2023. – Т. 13, № 4. – С. 493–508. – DOI: 10.21638/spbu16.2023. 404. 24. Цинь П. Китайская версия краткой шкалы качества жизни Бруннсвикена // Письма в Эмиссия. Оффлайн. – 2022. – №. 4. – Art. 3057. − URL: http://emissia.org/offline/2023/3215.htm (дата обращения: 02.05.2024). 25. Tripathi G. Review of Econometric methods by J. Johnston and J. DiNardo // Econometric Theory. – 2000. – Vol. 16, № 1. – P. 139–142. – URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3533165 (дата обращения: 02.05.2024). 26. Joshanloo M., Jovanović V. The relationship between gender and life satisfaction: analysis across demographic groups and global regions // Arch Womens Ment Health. – 2020. – Vol. 23. – P. 331–338. – DOI: 10.1007/s00737-019-00998-w. 27. Li J., Xu X., Sun J. et al. Activities of daily living, life orientation, and health-related quality of life among older people in nursing homes: a national cross-sectional study in China // Qual Life Re. – 2020. – Vol. 29. – P. 2949–2960. – DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02571-w. 28. Prusak J., Kwapis K., Pilecka B. et al. The quality of life, meaning in life, positive orientation to life and gratitude of Catholic seminarians in Poland: A comparative analysis // Archive for the Psychology of Religion. – 2021. – Vol. 43, № 1. – P. 78–94. – DOI: 10.1177/0084672420983488. 29. Haas B. K. A multidisciplinary concept analysis of quality of life // Western Journal of Nursing Research. – 1999. – Vol. 21, № 6. – P. 728–742. – DOI: 10.1177/01939459922044153. 30. Straś-Romanowska M. Los człowieka jako problem psychologiczny. Podstawy teoretyczne. – Wrocław : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 1992. – 130 s. – URL: https://philpapers.org/rec/SROLCJ (дата обращения: 02.05.2024). | |
Сведения о финансировании и благодарности Исследование проведено при поддержке Государственного комитета по стипендиям КНР (грант № 202008520059) | |
| The impact of basic life orientations on the quality of life of chinese students | |
| Qin Pengfei 1 | |
| 1.1Herzen University | |
| Received 2024.05.03 | Abstract. Quality of life is a complex phenomenon that encompasses a person's physical health, mental state, social relationships, and personal beliefs in their correlation with environmental perception and behavior. Personality orientation plays an essential role in the multilevel phenomenon of life quality. Recently, this issue has been addressed more and more often, in connection with the study of certain social groups. The purpose was to study the ratio of basic (subject-object) orientations and the Chinese students' quality of life, taking into account seх and time of study at the university. The respondents were 600 students of Chinese universities, including 149 boys (24,8%) and 451 girls (75,2%); their age ranged from 17 to 25 years (19,64±3,29), 300 freshmen and 300 fourth-year students. The Questionnaire of Life Orientations by E.Y. Korjova and the Short Brunswicken Quality of Life Scale (BBQ), adapted earlier by the author on the Chinese sample, were used. Comparative analysis (Student's t-test), correlation analysis (Pearson's r-test), and linear regression analysis were performed. A number of differences were obtained between boys and girls, as well as first-year and senior students in certain characteristics of basic life orientations. At the same time, the level of quality of life is higher for girls compared to boys and for freshmen compared to seniors. There was a close positive relationship between basic life orientations (all three of their dimensions: the courage to challenge difficulties, the desire for inner harmony and clarity of life goals) and the Chinese students' quality of life, as well as the positive impact of basic life orientations on the quality of life of students. |
| Keywords basic life orientations; courage to challenge difficulties; striving for inner harmony; clarity of life goals; quality of life; Chinese students | |
References 1. Diener E. Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 1984, vol. 95, no. 3, pp. 542–575. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542. 2. Liu Z.J., Chen H.C. Preliminary Revision of the Life Orientation Scale in Middle School Students. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2007, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 135–137. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-611.2007.02.008. 3. Scheier M.F., Carver C.S., Bridges M.W. Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1994, vol. 67, no. (6), pp. 1063–1078. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063. 4. Chen M., Sun Y. M., Wang L. Correlation between life orientation and anxiety in patients hospitalized for coronary heart disease. Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing, 2008, vol. 14, no. (14), pp. 1572–1574. 5. Zhang T.G., Qu, W.Y., Zhang Y.H., Lin L.C. Survey and reflection on college students' life value orientation. The Real World, 2004, no. 4, pp. 69–72. 6. Gao Y., Lin Z., Li Z. A survey and analysis of college students' life value orientation and personality traits. Journal of Shanghai University: Social Science Edition, 1999. no. 6, pp. 90–97. 7. Stewart-Brown, S., Evans, J., Patterson, J. et al. The health of students in institutes of higher education: an important and neglected public health problem? Journal of Public Health, 2000, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 492–499. DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/22.4.492. 8. Tomoda A., Mori K., Kimura M., Takahashi T., Kitamura T. One‐year prevalence and incidence of depression among first‐year university students in Japan: A preliminary study. Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2000, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 583–588. DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1819.2000.00757.x. 9. Saeed B., Arshad F., Jamal Y. et al. Effect of optimism, pessimism and anxiety on life orientation test-revised scale among university students. Asian Journal of Allied Health Sciences (AJAHS), 2020, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 19–25. DOI: 10.52229/ajahs.v5i1.639. 10. Sun W., Zhang L. Impact of dispositional optimism and psychological resilience on depression of university students. Occupation and Health, 2017, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 1066–1068+1073. DOI: 10.13329/j.cnki.zyyjk. 2017.0329. 11. Bonomi A.E., Patrick D.L., Bushnell D.M., Martin M. Validation of the United States' version of the world health organization quality of life (WHOQOL) instrument. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 2000, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 1–12. DOI: 10.1016/S0895-4356(99)00123-7. 12. Katschnig H. Quality of life in mental disorders: challenges for research and clinical practice. World psychiatry, 2006, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 139–145. URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17139340. 13. Solodukhin A.V., Bezzubova V.A., Kukhareva I.N. et al. The relationship of psychological characteristics of the internal picture of the disease and coping behavior of patients with coronary heart disease with the parameters of their cognitive status. Vestnik Rossiiskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Psikhologiya i pedagogika = RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics, 2017, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 178–189. DOI: 10.22363/2313-1683-2017-14-2-178-189. (In Russian). 14. Miličić D., Brajković L., Ljubas Mače, J. et al. Type a personality, stress, anxiety and health locus of control in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Psychiatria danubina, 2016, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 409–414. 15. Novikova K.A., Kasimova S.G. The connection of positive thinking, life orientations and resilience among students. Kontsept, 2013, vol. 7, no. 23, pp. 71–75. (In Russian). 16. Avvenuti G., Baiardini I., Giardini A. Optimism’s explicative role for chronic diseases. Frontiers in Psychology, 2016, no. 7, art. 295. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00295. 17. Stepanov I.L., Moiseicheva O.V. Clinical and psychopathological features of depressions with different types of affect in patients with chronic somatic diseases without exacerbation. Sotsial'naya i klinicheskaya psikhiatriya, 2016, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 26–31. (In Russian). 18. Prusak J., Kwapis K., Pilecka B., Chemperek A., Krawczyk A., Jabłoński M., Nowakowski K. The quality of life, meaning in life, positive orientation to life and gratitude of Catholic seminarians in Poland: A comparative analysis. Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 2021, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 78–94. DOI: 10.1177/0084672420983488. 19. Alessandri G., Caprara G.V., Tisak J. The unique contribution of positive orientation to optimal functioning: Further explorations. European Psychologist, 2012, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 44–54. DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000070. 20. Caprara G.V., Fagnani C., Alessandri G. et al. Human optimal functioning: The genetics of positive orientation towards self, life, and the future. Behavior Genetics, 2009, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 277–284. DOI: 10.1007/s10519-009-9267-y. 21. Korzhova E.Yu. Psychological cognition of human fate. St. Petersburg, RGPU im. A.I. Gertsena publ., Soyuz publ., 2002. 335 p. (In Russian). 22. Lindner P., Frykheden O., Forsström D. et al. The Brunnsviken Brief Quality of life scale (BBQ): Development and psychometric evaluation. Cognitive behaviour therapy, 2016, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 182–195. 23. Korzhova E.Yu., Tsin' P., Veselova E.K., Dvoretskaya M.Ya. The structure of basic life orientations: Ethno-cultural aspect (using the example of the Chinese version of the Subject-Object Orientations Questionnaire). Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Psikhologiya = Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 493–508. DOI: 10.21638/spbu16.2023.404 (In Russian). 24. Tsin' P. The relationship between the quality of life and the level of depression of Chinese students. Pis'ma v Emissiya. Offlayn = The Emissia. Offline Letters, 2023, no. 2, art. 3215, available at: http://emissia.org/ offline/2023/3215.htm (date of access: May 05, 2024). (In Russian). 25. Tripathi G. Review of econometric methods by J. Johnston and J. DiNardo. Econometric Theory, 2000, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 139–142, available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3533165 (date of access: May 02, 2024). 26. Joshanloo M., Jovanović V. The relationship between gender and life satisfaction: analysis across demographic groups and global regions. Arch Womens Ment Health, 2020, vol. 23, pp. 331–338. DOI: 10.1007/s00737-019-00998-w. 27. Li J., Xu X., Sun J. et al. Activities of daily living, life orientation, and health-related quality of life among older people in nursing homes: a national cross-sectional study in China. Qual Life Re, 2020, vol. 29, pp. 2949–2960. DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02571-w. 28. Prusak J., Kwapis K., Pilecka B. et al. The quality of life, meaning in life, positive orientation to life and gratitude of Catholic seminarians in Poland: A comparative analysis. Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 2021, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 78–94. DOI: 10.1177/0084672420983488 29. Haas B.K. A multidisciplinary concept analysis of quality of life. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 1999, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 728–742. DOI: 10.1177/01939459922044153. 30. Straś-Romanowska M. The fate of man as a psychological problem. Theoretical basics. Wrocław, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 1992. 130 p., available at: https://philpapers.org/rec/SROLCJ (date of access: May 02, 2024). (In Polish). | |
Acknowledgements The study was conducted with the support of the China Scholarship Council (grant No. 202008520059) | |
| Сведения об авторах Цинь Пэнфэй 1.1 |
| About the authors Qin Pengfei 1.1 |
